Mole Digging Habits

Moles are expert diggers, creating extensive tunnel systems just below the surface of the ground. These tunnels, often referred to as runs, are typically about 1-2 inches in diameter and can stretch for several feet. Moles use their powerful forelimbs and large, spade-like paws to dig through the soil, creating a network of tunnels that provide shelter and access to food1. The structure of these tunnels includes multiple chambers for nesting, food storage, and waste disposal. Moles are adapted for digging with their cylindrical bodies and short, stocky limbs, which allow them to move efficiently through their underground homes.

What Attracts Moles

Several factors make lawns and gardens attractive to moles. One of the primary attractions is the availability of food. Moles are insectivores, and they are particularly drawn to areas with abundant earthworms and other soil-dwelling invertebrates3. Lawns, with their well-maintained soil, provide a rich food source. Moisture is another key factor, as moles prefer habitats with moist soil, which is easier to dig through and supports the growth of their preferred food sources. Additionally, moles seek out areas that offer shelter from predators and harsh weather conditions. Dense vegetation, mulch, and ground cover provide the necessary protection for these small mammals. Seasonal changes and soil conditions also influence mole presence, with moles being more active during cooler, wetter periods.

Mole Diet

Moles have a diverse diet that primarily consists of earthworms and other small invertebrates found in the soil. They feed on insects, grubs, and larvae, making lawns and gardens ideal feeding grounds. Moles are known to cause significant damage to lawns by creating tunnels and molehills as they search for food. Occasionally, moles may also consume small mammals and plant material, although this is not a major part of their diet. The impact of mole feeding habits on lawns can be severe, as their tunneling disrupts the root systems of plants, leading to unhealthy and dying vegetation..

Mole Habits

Moles are active year-round, with peak activity occurring during the cooler months. They are primarily solitary animals, with each mole establishing its own territory3. Moles have a high metabolic rate and need to consume large amounts of food daily, which drives their constant digging and tunneling behavior. They are primarily nocturnal but can also be active during the day. Signs of mole presence in your lawn include visible runs, molehills, and damaged plants.

Moles in the Bay Area

In the Bay Area, several mole species can be found, including the broad-footed mole (Scapanus latimanus). These moles prefer habitats with dense vegetation and moist soil, such as grasslands, gardens, and agricultural fields. The mild climate and abundant food sources in the Bay Area make it an ideal environment for moles. Their presence can have a significant impact on local ecosystems, as they aerate the soil and control insect populations, but also cause damage to lawns and gardens.

Managing Mole Invasions

Preventing and controlling mole invasions requires a proactive approach. Homeowners can implement various strategies to deter moles, such as installing barriers around gardens and using repellents. Trapping and baiting are common control methods, but they should be used with caution to avoid harming other wildlife. Eco-friendly solutions, such as encouraging natural predators like owls and snakes or planting mole-resistant plants, offer sustainable and humane ways to manage mole populations. Regular lawn maintenance, including proper irrigation and soil management, can also reduce the attractiveness of lawns to moles.